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"Crushing" is another term for crushing, crushing or grinding. In other words, pulverization refers to the application of external force to a solid, causing its destruction and reducing its original size. Over the years, pulverization has been applied to many materials, including minerals, glass, ceramics, grains, paints, and pharmaceuticals.

In English, the usage and terminology of "crush" and "crush" vary from industry to industry and related personnel. "Crushing" is usually used for smashing in a broad sense, and "crushing" is usually used for turning solids into small pieces.

"Grinding" can also be used in a narrow sense, such as friction grinding in mining. The term pulverization is used in terms of particle size (as in the pulverization of fine particles) and can be distinguished from pulverization.

In addition to these terms, "milling" and other terms are also used. Thinky Corporation uses "crush".

You can use "crush" when you say "crush". "Crushing" refers to crushing, where the particle size of the crushed material is quite large. In this sense, large means when the maximum particle size is 1 mm or more. The difference between grinding and crushing in a narrow sense is blurred, and there is no clear boundary between the two.

Crushing is not only used to reduce particle size, but also used as a means to develop new materials. 1 Various effects and results are expected.

In the crushing process, applying external force to the particles will make them elastically deformed, and then cracks will appear at points wherever the particle stress limit is exceeded. It is believed that the particles are destroyed by crack propagation, thereby completing the crushing process. 2

In the crushing process, there are two types of particle destruction: "surface grinding" and "volume grinding".

During the surface grinding process, small fragments fall off the surface of the particles, and then gradually form many fine particles. During the grinding process, the particle size usually follows a bimodal distribution. This kind of surface grinding is dominant in friction grinding. 3. 4.

In the case of volume grinding, the fragmentation does not occur on the surface of the particles, but on the entire part. Subsequently, the particles are broken into several pieces, and so on, until the particles gradually become fine particles. In compression crushing and impact crushing, volume crushing is dominant. 3, 4

There are two crushing methods. They are dry crushing and wet crushing. Here is a summary of the differences between the two.

Due to its characteristics, dry pulverization is used in a wide range of fields. Generally, the size of the pulverized product is reduced to the micron level. In some cases, it can be pulverized to sub-micron level, but some problems may occur, such as difficulty in aggregation and collection.

Ultra-fine pulverization (grinding to sub-micron level) can be achieved through wet pulverization, while dry pulverization is difficult to achieve. In addition, in addition to the pulverization of primary particles, wet pulverization also includes disintegration (=mechanical pulverization) and dispersion.

In recent years, miniaturization of materials is generally required. In addition to pulverization, decomposition and dispersion operations are becoming more and more important.

(* Disintegration (= mechanical pulverization) is one of the elements involved in the dispersion process. In order to loosen agglomerated particles (and reduce their size) without forming new particle surfaces, external mechanical force is required. )

According to different pulverizers, the granularity that can be pulverized by a single machine is different. It is for this reason that multiple shredders are often used in series.

There are a wide range of pulverization methods, such as continuous pulverization and intermittent pulverization (intermittent) and dry pulverization (dry grinding or grinding) and wet pulverization (wet grinding or grinding). The key is to choose a pulverizer suitable for the purpose, and also to consider the type and size of the material to be pulverized (the pulverized material), the target particle size, and the conditions.

* There are many different classifications of shredding operations. Crushing can be divided into many categories, including: coarse crushing, medium crushing, small crushing, coarse crushing, fine crushing and superfine crushing.

Thinky Company designed and manufactured the "Nano Pulverizer NP-100", a self-rotating nano-pulverizer for the purpose of nano-level pulverization.

Batch type wet pulverizer, rotation and rotation nano pulverizer can pulverize to less than about 1mm (or pulverize to about 100nm to tens of nm). Nano-Pulverizer NP-100 is a planetary ball mill (planetary mill) or bead mill.

Beads, also known as introduction balls, are the grinding media and the slurry into the grinding container. The container is then rotated at a high speed clockwise at an inclination angle of 45° and counterclockwise at the same time (see "Mixing"). Please refer to the figure below.

Therefore, this rapid rotation and rotation results in the concentration of the grinding medium in the container at the outer periphery of the bottom of the container. Therefore, the convective slurry in the container is subjected to the combined action of friction, shear, and impact, and becomes fine particles.

As the grinding container is inclined at 45°, the concentration of the grinding medium on the outer periphery of the bottom of the container becomes higher. The result of this is that only a small amount of grinding media is required. In addition, this inclination can suppress the rise of the slurry, so it can be effectively pulverized without waste.

The kinetic energy is received by the zirconia ball. Through the revolution and the 45° rotation, the kinetic energy is concentrated on the outer periphery of the bottom and does not rise along the inner wall of the container. At the same time, the particles in the convective slurry in the container are trapped between the balls. Here, they are subjected to the combined impact of shearing force, friction force, impact force, etc., and are finely crushed.

According to the results of previous experiments, it is found that the Thinky Rotation and Rotation Nano Crusher has some problems when processing the following materials:

1 Hiroshi Sakamoto: "Crushing and Grinding", resources and material rolls. 113, No. 12, 899-903 (1985). 2 Introduction to Powder Engineering, 52-57, Japan Powder Processing Industry and Engineering Association.

 3 Yoshiteru Kanda: "Research and Research on the History of Grinding Technology", Journal of the Society of Resource Materials Engineering. 9, No. 2, 87-110 (1996).

4 Toshio Inoue: "What helps to improve grinding efficiency?" Journal of the Society of Powder Technology. 22, No. 6, 71-76 (1985).

This information is derived from materials provided by Thinky Corporation and has been reviewed and adapted.

For more information on this source, please visit Thinky Corporation.

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